Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli as an indicator bacterium in livestock and companion animals in Mongolia

Le résumé fourni par la source

In Mongolia, no national data are currently available on the status of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria in livestock and companion animals. Given the need for international coordination in tackling antimicrobial resistance, clarifying the prevalence of AMR bacteria in animals is an urgent priority. In this study, we isolated Escherichia coli , as an indicator bacterium, from eight animal species, including livestock and companion animals, and examined their antimicrobial resistance to evaluate the current burden of AMR bacteria in animals in Mongolia. The prevalence of AMR E. coli was very low in livestock raised under nomadic systems (camels, goats, and sheep). AMR E. coli prevalence in cattle remained low, possibly due to a mix of nomadic and intensive husbandry practices. In contrast, AMR E. coli was highly prevalent in pigs and chickens raised by intensive husbandry. In chickens, 93.9% of E. coli isolates were AMR, and 67.4% exhibited multidrug resistance. In pigs, 70.3% of E. coli isolates were AMR, and 37.8% were multidrug-resistant. Rates of horses and dogs carrying AMR E. coli were also very high. In particular, animals in frequent contact with humans exhibited higher AMR E. coli carrying rates. Moreover, carbapenemase-producing E. coli and fluoroquinolone- and/or cephalosporin-resistant E. coli clonal groups ST131 and ST1193, which pose significant global public health threats, were identified only in owned dogs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence of AMR E. coli in livestock and companion animals in Mongolia. These findings highlight the urgent need for coordinated One Health interventions to reduce transmission risk between humans and companion animals.

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