IDDF2026-ABS-0045 Non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of gastric ulcer: a systematic review
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Background Gastric ulcer (GU) is a subtype of peptic ulcer disease that is primarily diagnosed using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), an invasive and resource-intensive procedure. Although non-invasive biomarkers have been proposed for early detection and risk stratification, their diagnostic performance remains uncertain. This systematic review evaluates biomarkers assessed for the diagnosis and severity of gastric ulcer, with EGD as the reference standard. Methods We conducted a systematic review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials evaluating biomarkers for the diagnosis or severity assessment of gastric ulcer in adult populations. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from inception to June 2025. Studies were eligible if gastric ulcer was confirmed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and compared with a control group without gastric ulcer. Biomarkers derived from any biological source were included. Extracted data included biomarker type, specimen source, between-group differences, and diagnostic performance measures, including sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), when available. Results A total of 95 studies met inclusion criteria, evaluating 46 unique biomarkers across six biological sources: blood/serum, tissue, saliva, stool, urine, and gastric fluid. Blood and serum biomarkers were most frequently studied but generally demonstrated limited diagnostic accuracy. Antibodies targeting Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) virulence factors—particularly cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)—showed the strongest diagnostic performance for H. pylori–positive gastric ulcers, with reported sensitivity up to 96.4% and specificity up to 100%. Combinations of H. pylori antibody markers improved sensitivity or specificity depending on whether alternative or synchronous strategies were used. Tissue biomarkers consistently demonstrated inflammatory and immune-regulatory changes at ulcer sites but lacked formal diagnostic accuracy reporting. Evidence for salivary, stool, urine, and gastric fluid biomarkers was limited to one or two studies per biomarker. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was the only biomarker associated with ulcer severity. Conclusions Several biomarkers—particularly serologic markers targeting Helicobacter pylori virulence factors—demonstrate potential for non-invasive detection of gastric ulcer. However, most biomarkers lack sufficient validation and standardized diagnostic accuracy reporting to support routine clinical use. Further high-quality, prospective studies are needed to confirm diagnostic performance and to define the role of biomarker-based strategies in early detection and risk stratification of gastric ulcer.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- IDDF2026-ABS-0045 Non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of gastric ulcer: a systematic review
- Date Crossref
- 01/06/2026
- Éditeur
- BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
- Type
- proceedings-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Texas Tech University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Chulalongkorn University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Navamindradhiraj University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Siriraj Hospital pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Mahidol University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Central Chest Institute of Thailand pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Bassett Medical Center pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Faculty of Medicine Center of Excellence in Preventive and Integrative Medicine (CE-PIM) pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Texas Tech University, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center et Chulalongkorn University, avec 8 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.