Susceptibility of the Culex quinquefasciatus population from Recife, Brazil, to an insecticidal paint and a novel delivery method

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Culex quinquefasciatus is an abundant domestic mosquito in tropical and subtropical areas, and an important disease vector. Despite its major importance as a vector of Wuchereria bancrofti and the significant biting nuisance caused by nocturnal biting, it has never been the target of any large-scale control programs in Brazil. In contrast, Aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue, Zika, and other viruses to humans, is the target of multiple control programs worldwide. We tested the efficacy of an insecticidal paint, CARBAPAINT 10 (propoxur 1.0%), against Cx. quinquefasciatus using a delivery method where only the room skirting, close to the floor, is treated with black insecticidal paint, a method designed primarily to target Ae. aegypti. Our results showed that the Cx. quinquefasciatus population in Recife was highly susceptible to the insecticide, with 100% mortality in WHO cone tests. In free-flight tests in an experimental room, painted wall skirtings were also effective, especially if black paint was used as mortality rates were significantly higher than with white insecticidal paint (70% and 30%), p < 0,0001). These results indicate that Cx. quinquefasciatus will also be impacted if this approach is eventually used for vector control of Ae. aegypti. While not essential, the ability to impact all mosquitoes that bite humans is an important prerequisite for determining the likelihood of high acceptance of a control approach by target communities.

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