Consequences of the COVID ‐19 Pandemic on Nurses' Mental Health: A Multicentre Cross‐Sectional Study in Northern France

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INTRODUCTION: Nurses are at high risk for mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, as well as burnout symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these challenges, yet little is known about its long-term impact. AIM: To assess the prevalence of burnout symptoms, anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation among nurses in Northern France 2 years after the pandemic began, and to identify their risk and protective factors. METHODS: The COSMIN study is a multicentre cross-sectional survey conducted in eight public hospitals in Hauts-de-France. Data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire (May-October 2022), using validated scales (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory). Logistic regression identified associated factors. RESULTS: Among 632 respondents, 25% had at least one clinically significant mental health problem: 16.5% anxiety, 2.5% depression, 13.9% burnout and 4.4% suicidal ideation. Burnout included professional (13.0%), personal (8.7%) and relational (5.1%) forms. Despite a decline from earlier phases, vigilance-level symptoms remained common. History of mental health problems increased risk, while institutional supports, especially multidisciplinary meetings, were protective. Personal impacts included increased conflict and breakups. DISCUSSION: Mental health symptoms remain prevalent among nurses post-pandemic. Supportive measures appear beneficial. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: Reinforcing institutional support and mental health resources is essential to address ongoing distress and protect care quality. RELEVANCE TO MENTAL HEALTH NURSING: This study highlights the enduring psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses, revealing high rates of burnout, anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation 2 years after the crisis began. It underscores the critical role of institutional support-such as multidisciplinary meetings and supervision-in protecting staff well-being. These findings are directly relevant to mental health nursing by informing strategies to support nurses' psychological health, improve working conditions, and maintain the quality of patient care. The results advocate for the integration of structured mental health support within nursing practice and organizational policies in post-crisis healthcare settings.

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