The Relationship Between Perceived Health Competence, Self-Efficacy, and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Hemodialysis Patients

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Background and Objectives Perceived health competence, self-efficacy, and health-promoting behaviors are key factors in the management of chronic diseases, particularly among patients undergoing hemodialysis.This study aimed to examine the relationships among these three components in hemodialysis patients attending medical centers affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2024.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 175 hemodialysis patients selected through simple random sampling.Data were collected using standardized questionnaires, including the Perceived Health Competence Scale (Smith), the Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (Lin), and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (Walker).Data were analyzed using SPSS sofware, version 24 with a significance level of 0.05. ResultsThe mean age of patients was 39.8±11.2years, and 56% were male.The most common causes of kidney failure were hypertension (24.6%) and diabetes (20.6%).The mean scores for perceived health competence, health-promoting behaviors, and self-efficacy were 22.8±4.1,134.4±36.8, and 175.3±56.4,respectively.Correlation analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between perceived health competence and health-promoting behaviors (r=0.338,P<0.001), perceived health competence and self-efficacy (r=0.393,P<0.001), and between health-promoting behaviors and self-efficacy (r=0.850,P<0.01).Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the final model explained 78.4% of the variance in perceived health competence after controlling for demographic and clinical variables.Conclusion Enhancing perceived health competence and self-efficacy can significantly improve healthpromoting behaviors and quality of life among hemodialysis patients.

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