Maternal age differences among women with histologically diagnosed molar pregnancy

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the occurrence of molar pregnancies across maternal age groups and to examine βhCG levels at admission and follow-up. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted between the years 2014-2021. Included women with a pathology-diagnosed partial or complete mole. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of women with a molar pregnancy, ≤ 40 or > 40 years were compared. Long-term follow-up data after surgical evacuation and βhCG levels were collected. RESULTS: A total of 115 cases of complete (n = 15) or partial moles (n = 100) during the study period were included. Women's ages ranged from 16 to 55 years (mean 33.3 ± 8.2). Most participants, 73 (63.5%) were 20-35 years. Compared to women > 40 years (n = 23), women ≤ 40 (n = 92) partial moles were more common in the ≤ 40 group (85 [92.4%] vs. 15 [65.2%], p = 0.001), while complete moles were more frequent in the > 40 group (8 [34.8%] vs. 7 [7.6%], p = 0.001), even after controlling for age, gravidity, and parity (p = 0.005, OR 6.5). βhCG levels over time were followed with follow-up ranged from 30 to 203 days. βhCG levels normalized within 3 months in 90% of cases, with the largest decrease occurred after the first month. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) occurred in 7 (6.1%) cases, with no age group differences. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasis that molar pregnancies affect a wide age range. Furthermore, it confirms a positive long-term prognosis.

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