Control of respiratory pathogens in swine herds under farm production conditions

Le résumé fourni par la source

In recent decades, pig farms have experienced widespread outbreaks of the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC), which has become a significant health problem across all stages of pig production. PRDC represents a simultaneous infection of lung tissue with multiple respiratory pathogens and is a collective term for pneumonias in pigs with multifactorial etiology. The isolated pathogens vary both between and within different production categories. Predisposing factors for the development of bacterial pneumonia include stress, viral infections, and pulmonary edema. Harmful gases can impair the defense mechanisms of the respiratory system, making pigs more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections. Ammonia is frequently present on pig farms, particularly in facilities with inadequate ventilation. One of the most common viruses that predisposes pigs to bacterial pneumonia is the swine influenza virus. The presence of respiratory diseases can be confirmed through clinical examinations in fattening units and by examination of respiratory organs at slaughter. Control of the porcine respiratory disease complex is complicated. Practical experience has shown that a primary pathogenic agent, such as mycoplasma or a virus, is often followed by additional pathogenic agents, resulting in secondary infections. In most cases, the consequences of secondary infections are more severe than those of primary infections. The importance of the respiratory disease complex lies in the interaction between respiratory pathogens. Understanding these interactions is essential for implementing effective control measures. Respiratory diseases in pigs occur when infectious agents are present in the immediate environment or when the defense mechanisms of the respiratory system become weakened due to various factors. Detection and control of production diseases of bacterial, viral, or parasitic origin represent an economic necessity for producers rather than a legal obligation. This paper aims to provide an overview of research on respiratory pathogens in pigs

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