Flowing Fistulas: Update on Strategies to Maintain Arteriovenous Fistula Patency

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Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are widely used for haemodialysis and have lower infection rates and greater longevity than other modalities of haemodialysis access, however complications with maturation and maintaining patency are common.(1) Approximately 40-50% of fistulas fail to mature without intervention, and primary patency rates range from 34% without intervention to 83% with intervention.(2) Dysfunctional vascular access impacts on patients quality of life, increases procedural burden and health care costs; approximately 3 billion USD is spent annually for vascular access creation and maintenance.