Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as next generation drug delivery platforms

Le résumé fourni par la source

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have become potential next-generation drug delivery systems that combine the biological effectiveness of cell-based therapies with the reliability and controllability of acellular approaches. MSC-EVs are nanoscale vesicles enclosed by membranes that can carry proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, facilitating directed intercellular communication and therapeutic regulation. This review offers an extensive summary of the biological foundation of MSC-EVs, their advantages compared to traditional nanocarriers and the mechanisms that regulate targeted delivery to diseased microenvironments. We methodically examine present methods for therapeutic cargo loading, encompassing both passive and active techniques, genetic and biogenic modifications of parental mesenchymal stem cells, along with surface functionalization. Recent developments in hybrid and stimuli-responsive extracellular vesicle platforms that improve stability, targeting accuracy, and controlled release are also emphasized. Additionally, we outline preclinical and upcoming clinical uses of MSC-EVs in cancer, cardiovascular, ischemic and various other diseased conditions. Ultimately, we thoroughly assess the translational hurdles associated with large-scale production, standardization, storage, safety and regulatory processes while highlighting prospects for upcoming clinical advancements. In summary, this review highlights the transformative capability of MSC-EVs as adaptable and biologically smart drug delivery systems, while emphasizing the need for aligned technological, regulatory and clinical progress to facilitate their effective conversion into authorized therapies.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.