Climatic effects on radial growth of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

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Introduction. Global warming increases vapor pressure deficit (VPD) by raising temperature, a condition that negatively affects the growth of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. Objectives. To develop a regional tree-ring chronology of P. menziesii and evaluate the influence of climatic variables on radial growth. Materials and methods. Samples were collected from four sites in Durango and Chihuahua in the Sierra Madre Occidental. They were processed following standard dendrochronological techniques. Crossdating was validated using COFECHA, and ring-width index (RWI) series were generated with the dplR package. Climatic variables were obtained from ERA5-Land, and their relationship with RWI was assessed using the treeclim package in R. Common growth variability among sites was determined through Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Results and discussion. Four P. menziesii chronologies were developed. The PCA identified a common climatic response, and a 369-year regional series (1655-2023) was constructed. This series showed a positive relationship between RWI and precipitation from November of the previous year to May of the current year (r = 0.76; p < 0.05), and significant negative relationships (p < 0.05) between RWI and minimum temperature from March to June of the current year (r = -0.59), maximum temperature (r = -0.82), and VPD from January to June (r = -0.84). Conclusion. Increases in maximum temperature and VPD intensify atmospheric drought and contribute to reduced radial growth of P. menziesii in the Sierra Madre Occidental.

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