Physical activity and symptoms of depression and anxiety among professionals at a Brazilian university hospital: a cross-sectional study

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Introduction: Physical activity may influence symptoms of depression and anxiety, especially among healthcare professionals exposed to high levels of occupational stress. Objectives: To investigate the association between physical activity levels and symptoms of depression and anxiety in professionals at a Brazilian university hospital, using analyses based on continuous scores. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted with 199 professionals from medical, healthcare, and administrative areas. Habitual physical activity, depression symptoms, and anxiety symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaires. The association between physical activity and symptoms was analyzed using generalized linear models, adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index, considering both overall and area-specific analyses. Results: The sample was predominantly female, from the healthcare area, and sedentary. Regarding categorical prevalence, 44.2% of professionals presented symptoms of depression and 54.2% symptoms of anxiety. In analyses based on continuous scores, individuals classified as active and very active had lower depression and anxiety scores compared to sedentary individuals. Stratification by area of work confirmed the inverse association, especially among medical and healthcare professionals. Conclusions: Higher levels of physical activity were significantly associated with lower symptoms of depression and anxiety among professionals at a Brazilian university hospital.

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