Sustainable Circular Utilization of Natural Lepidolite for Low-Voltage Li-Ion Battery Anode and Energy Harvesting

Le résumé fourni par la source

Conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with graphite anodes suffer from poor rate performance and lithium dendrite formation, limiting their practical applications. In this work, a lithium-rich layered material, Lepidolite, which exfoliates into two-dimensional flakes, is introduced as a high-performance anode. It delivers a reversible capacity of ~121 mAh g-1 at 200 mA g-1, with high-rate performance at higher current densities (~104.5 mAh g-1 at 500 mA g-1) during lithium intercalation at a low potential (<1.5 V), and exhibits ultra-long rate-cycling stability exceeding 9200 cycles at various current densities. Ex-situ TEM, XPS, and TOF-SIMS analyses reveal the evolution and stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during extended cycling. A full-cell LIB with LiFePO4 as the cathode demonstrates stable operation, while spent Lepidolite electrodes are repurposed for energy harvesting, highlighting sustainable reuse. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that reduced surface oxygen atoms enhance metallicity, thereby increasing the density of states near the Fermi level, which is favorable for Li adsorption. This study demonstrates the sustainable circular utilization of Lepidolite for energy storage and harvesting.

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