Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Risk Modelling Among Women in Niamey, Niger Republic

Résumé fourni par la source

Background: The impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection diagnosis aims to use a cervical cancer screening method in public health programs in West Africa. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HPV infection in women in Niger Republic. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study, we randomly selected 598 women, aged 15–75 years, between January 2024 and April 2025 in four healthcare facilities providing gynecological and routine cervical cancer screening in Niamey the capital cities of Niger Republic. We collected informed consent and assent, collected data, and trained participants, to self-collect vaginal or assisted endocervical samples using FloqSwabs. HPV DNA was extracted and amplified using Genotyping Real-time PCR Kit on a Real-time PCR thermocycler (STC-48PLUS). Data were organized using Excel software, and descriptive analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and modelling had been performed using R. Results: The overall prevalence of total HPV and HR-HPV infections in the study population was 12.20% (73/598) and 11.03% (66/598) respectively. HPV infections were confirmed among women from aged group 20–29 years. The commonest HR-HPV types detected were 16 and 66 by followed HPV 35, 53, 31, 45, 52, 68, 58, 26, 51, 59, 18, 33, 39, 73, 82 and 56. The most frequently LR-HPV types were 6 by followed HPV 81 and 11. We also examined factors associated with HPV infection and cervical cancer using multivariate logistic regression models. While no independent predictors of HPV infection were identified, HPV positivity was significantly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. Indeed, women who tested positive for HPV had a nearly three times higher risk of diagnosis than women who tested negative. Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV infection was assessed among women in Niamey, the capital of Niger. Therefore, HPV DNA genotyping and HPV vaccination are necessary for the prevention of cervical cancer in Niger and the rest of West Africa.