Interferon gamma release assay and sputum GeneXpert positivity for tuberculosis burden detection in people deprived of liberty in Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Rattachement africain : br, us, gb. Niveau de preuve : code pays fourni par la source.
Le résumé fourni par la source
Abstract Background Globally tuberculosis disease (TB) poses a significant public health challenge. People deprived of liberty (PDL) are one of the most affected. This study aims to evaluate the positivity of interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and molecular sputum testing for TB through a multicenter survey of Brazilian prisons and evaluate factors associated with IGRA positivity. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study among PDL in six male and two female prisons within 6 cities in Brazil in 2025. Eligible participants included consenting adults over 18 years. We randomized 130 individuals per site using prison census for evaluation with a sociodemographic questionnaire, blood testing with QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus ® (IGRA) and sputum testing with GeneXpert Ultra ® (Xpert). We included individuals with complete data and valid IGRA results for analysis. Multivariable logistical regression was performed to evaluate factors associated with IGRA positivity stratified by gender. Results Among 1040 PDL randomized, 884 were included. The overall IGRA positivity was 53.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50.3–56.9) varying between 29.2% (21.6–38.2) and 84.0% (75.3–90.1) among prisons sites, male and female individuals had a positivity of 61.9% (58.1–65.5) and 30.3% (24.7–36.5), respectively. In the multivariable analysis, IGRA positivity was associated with lower education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.03–2.07, p = 0.034), previous incarceration (aOR 2.81, 1.85–4.25, p < 0.001), previous TB history (aOR 2.99, 1.39–6.42, p < 0.001) and incarceration time (< 1 year as reference, 3–4 years: aOR 2.15, 1.18–3.92, p = 0.012; 5 years or above: aOR 2.85, 1.66–4.90, p < 0.001) for males. In females, IGRA positivity was associated with previous TB history (aOR 5.93, 1.97–20.2, p = 0.002). One prison could not collect sputum samples; at the remaining sites we detected 20 individuals (2.5%, 20/770) with positive Xpert. Conclusion Despite variations among prisons and gender, IGRA and Xpert positivity were elevated across sites evaluated in Brazil. These findings underscore the urgent need for systematic and comprehensive tuberculosis screening, prevention, and control strategies in prisons, including the potential evaluation of new preventative technologies such as new TB vaccines.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Interferon gamma release assay and sputum GeneXpert positivity for tuberculosis burden detection in people deprived of liberty in Brazil: a cross-sectional study
- Date Crossref
- 12/05/2026
- Éditeur
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Faculdade de Medicina pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul Programa de Pós Graduação em Promoção da Saúde pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departmento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Fundação de Medicina Tropical pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Universidade do Estado do Amazonas pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Universidade Federal do Amazonas pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Universidade Nilton Lins pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (Brazil) pays non établi dans la noticeEntreprise
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Johns Hopkins University Department of Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Johns Hopkins Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
Faculdade de Medicina — Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz et Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.