Rice Allergens

Résumé fourni par la source

Rice allergy, relatively rare than other cereal allergies, poses considerable clinical and occupational health issues. The current chapter presents an extensive overview of rice allergenic proteins, their immunological importance, and mechanisms of clinical presentation, such as oral allergy syndrome (OAS), food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA), and anaphylaxis. Cross-reactivity with other cereals and grass pollens adds complexity to management and diagnosis. Apart from food allergy, inhalation of airborne rice allergens is a significant occupational health hazard, especially for mill workers, workers in the food industry, and rice farmers. Chronic exposure to rice dust may result in occupational asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and allergic rhinitis. The chapter presents diagnostic strategies, such as serum-specific IgE measurement, skin prick testing (SPT), and component-resolved diagnostics, together with the assessment of risk and threshold levels for inhalation exposure and food intake. Management is centered on avoidance diets, pharmacotherapy, and occupational safety protocols, with particular emphasis on controlling allergens within the workplace. The chapter also discusses future developments, such as the production of hypoallergenic rice, advances in molecular allergology, and novel therapies like immunotherapy. Addressing both occupational exposure and food allergy, this chapter offers insightful recommendations for occupational health experts, clinicians, allergists, and policymakers to enhance diagnosis, prevention, and control of allergic disorders caused by rice.

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