Artificial Intelligence and Social Sciences from an Islamic Perspective on Morality and Responsibility

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This study examines the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and social sciences through the ethical framework of Islamic morality and human responsibility. The core objective is to evaluate how AI applications in areas such as education, psychology, media, and governance align or conflict with Islamic ethical principles, particularly in relation to justice, accountability, and human dignity. The study targets scholars and postgraduate students in Islamic Studies, Sociology, and Philosophy across five Nigerian universities. A sample of 100 respondents was selected using purposive sampling. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Quantitative responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and mean ranking) and inferential statistics (Chi-square and Pearson correlation), while qualitative data underwent thematic content analysis. Findings reveal that 81% of respondents believe AI can complement social science practices if guided by Islamic ethics. The paper concludes that, stakeholders across Islamic Studies, Sociology, and Philosophy in Nigeria strongly support the ethical regulations but is also of the opinion that, there is the need to re-evaluate AI mechanisms to incorporate Islamic ethics and morality in technology. In the light of the above, the paper recommends the need for training programs and workshops between Islamic scholars (ʿUlamā’),computer scientists, ethicists, and sociologists, so as to bridge the gap between technical expertise and moral reasoning and secondly, the inclusion of Islamic ethical guideline for the development of Artificial Intelligence informed by the principles of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, taklīf, and mas’ūliyyah in order to operate within the bounds of justice, accountability, and human dignity in Nigeria.