Development of a Non-Enzymatic Potentiometric and Voltammetric Lactate Sensor Enhanced by ZnO/Co 3 O 4 /MB/SnO 2 on Flexible Printed Circuit Board

Le résumé fourni par la source

A non-enzymatic lactate sensor is successfully developed by integrating ZnO/Co₃O₄/methylene blue (MB)/SnO₂ composite onto flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). ZnO provides a wide bandgap and surface area for adsorption, Co₃O₄ contributes p-type semiconducting behavior to promote charge separation, and MB serves as an effective redox mediator to accelerate electron transfer. Therefore, these materials form a highly responsive and stable sensing interface suitable for both the potentiometric and voltammetric detection modes. The sensor demonstrates good selectivity against common interfering biomolecules typically found in physiological fluids, ensuring reliable lactate detection in complex environments. In addition, the device remains consistent performance over an extended operational lifespan, confirming its mechanical and electrochemical stability for long-term use. The lactate sensor demonstrates a broad linear detection range (0.01–100 mM), with a high sensitivity of 21.9 μA/decade and excellent linearity (R² = 0.999), highlighting its strong potential for accurate and reliable lactate monitoring across a broad concentration spectrum.

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