Quality of oocytes derived from in vitro folliculogenesis in humans and animals

Résumé fourni par la source

Folliculogenesis is a long process characterized by the coordinated growth of the follicle and its enclosed oocyte, driven by continuous interactions between the germinal and somatic cells. Throughout this process, the oocyte accumulates cytoplasmic factors, undergoes chromatin reorganization, and sequentially acquires competence for meiosis and embryonic development. Generating developmentally competent oocytes through in vitro folliculogenesis represents a major challenge in reproductive medicine. It also holds significant zootechnical and ecological potential, to increase the reproductive output of animals with high genetic value and contribute to the conservation of endangered species. For basic research, in vitro folliculogenesis provides a platform to investigate the oocyte–somatic cell dialogue. Multi-step culture systems have enabled the complete reconstitution of oogenesis in vitro in mice, from stem cell differentiation to the production of functional oocytes capable of giving rise to viable offspring. In humans and sheep, substantial progress has been achieved, allowing, from early-stage follicles, the generation of oocytes reaching meiotic maturation and, more rarely, embryos. Nevertheless, overall efficiency remains limited and oocyte quality heterogeneous. Current efforts focus on optimizing culture conditions to more closely recapitulate the characteristics of oocytes developed in vivo.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.