Vehisper: Eavesdropping on In-Vehicle Audio via Secondary Magnetic Leakage

Le résumé fourni par la source

Modern vehicles are widely equipped with in-vehicle audio systems, and drivers routinely play music, podcasts, navigation prompts, phone calls, and various voice services during daily commutes. Due to the enclosed nature of the vehicle cabin and the presence of substantial ambient noise, in-vehicle content is commonly assumed to be inherently private and imperceptible from outside the vehicle. In this work, we show that this assumption does not always hold and reveal a previously unexplored leakage channel for in-vehicle audio. We propose Vehisper, the first systematic study investigating the feasibility of passively eavesdropping on in-vehicle audio from outside a moving vehicle. We discover that, during operation, in-vehicle loudspeakers excite the vehicle's metallic structure, giving rise to observable low-frequency magnetic leakage outside the vehicle, which forms a stealthy side channel that has not been explored in prior work. Building on this insight, we design a compact external sensing device and develop a multi-stage signal processing pipeline to systematically cope with the strong and complex magnetic interference introduced by vehicle motion, as well as spectral distortion and perceptual degradation induced by the leakage channel. We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of Vehisper on 20 commercial vehicles from 10 major manufacturers. Experimental results demonstrate that, under real driving conditions, Vehisper can reliably recover in-vehicle audio, achieving an average word error rate of 7.85%.

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