Effects of Specific Gas Flow Rate and Column Geometry on Ozone Saturation Dynamics, Pest Control, and Quality of Paddy Rice

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This study aimed to describe the ozone saturation kinetics in paddy rice columns at different specific flow rates and heights, evaluate its efficacy against Sitophilus zeamais, and assess the effect on grain quality. A prototype of 15 cm diameter and 20 cm height was used. The inlet ozone concentration was 5.0 mg L−1, with ratios between grain layer heights (H) and the prototype diameter (D) of 0.6 and 1.2, and specific flow rates of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m3 min−1 t−1. Exposure time was 480 min, with residual ozone measured at intervals. Saturation times decreased with specific higher flow rates, ranging from 224 to 61 min (H/D − 1.2) and 185 to 47 min (H/D − 0.6), while saturation concentrations ranged from 1.07 to 2.70 mg L−1 ;(H/D − 1.2) and 1.38 to 2.95 mg L−1 ;(H/D − 0.6). Ozone treatments achieved 100% insect mortality, except for H/D of 0.6 and a specific flow rate of 0.5 m3 min−1 t−1, which resulted in 95% mortality. Moisture content and electrical conductivity remained stable, and only minor color changes were observed at H/D − 0.6 with higher specific flow rates. The chemical composition, including lipids, proteins, ash, and carbohydrates, was unaffected by ozonation.

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