The MPMMCC Varanasi Glove Phantom

Résumé fourni par la source

Background. Ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia (UGRA) and ultrasound-guided vascular access (UGVA) require hand-eye coordination skills best acquired through deliberate practice. Commercial training phantoms are costly, have limited availability in low-resource settings, and are often inaccessible at the point of teaching. A freely replicable phantom requiring only materials available in any operating theatre (OT) would substantially lower the barrier to simulation-based UGRA and UGVA training. Description. We describe the MPMMCC Varanasi Glove Phantom, constructed entirely from OT-standard consumables: a non-sterile latex examination glove size small, two bundles of 8-ply gauze (10 cm × 10 cm), tap water, three short segments of IV infusion tubing, and a transparent film adhesive dressing. Assembly requires no tools, no sterile technique, and fewer than five minutes. The phantom provides a sonographically credible soft-tissue analogue with embedded tubular targets for in-plane needle guidance practice using a high-frequency linear transducer and an 18G intravenous cannula or 100 mm echogenic needle. Acoustic basis. Tap water serves as the principal anechoic medium (acoustic impedance ≈1.48 MRayl). Compact, un-spread 8-ply gauze rolls produce a heterogeneous fibrous matrix that generates diffuse hyperechoic background scatter approximating soft tissue. The latex glove wall acts as a specular fascial reflector. IV tubing segments appear as hypoechoic cylinders with posterior acoustic enhancement, simulating a neurovascular bundle. The outer film dressing eliminates the air–latex interface, enabling standard coupling gel application and also acts as a one-way-valve to reduce puncture site leakage. Application. The phantom supports needle-tip tracking, bevel-orientation recognition, target acquisition, and the full cannula-over-needle procedural sequence. Estimated material cost is under ₹50 (USD 0.54) per unit at standard OT procurement prices. Conclusion. The MPMMCC Glove Phantom achieves the essential goals of a Category I low-fidelity task trainer at effectively zero marginal cost. It is immediately replicable in any teaching hospital and is offered to the global anaesthesia education community under CC BY-NC 4.0.

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