ATIVIDADES BIOLÓGICAS DE NANOFIBRAS ELETROFIADAS CONTENDO POLI(ÁLCOOL VINÍLICO) E EXTRATO DE Pereskia aculeata MILLER

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BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS CONTAINING POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) AND Pereskia aculeata MILLER EXTRACT. This study aimed to perform ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of the leaves, flowers, fruits, and leaf-fruits of Pereskia aculeata Miller and to incorporate the resulting extracts into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers via electrospinning. The extraction was carried out using a 70% (v/v) hydroalcoholic ethanol solution as the solvent, under 20 kHz frequency and 750 W power for 5 min. The extracts were evaluated for yield, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nanofibers were produced using a PVA solution at 8% (m/v) and 1% (m/v) of extract, under an applied voltage of 15 kV, a flow rate of 0.5 mL h–1, 200 rpm rotation, and a needle-to-collector distance of 15 cm. The formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical testing, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity assays. The results indicated that nanofibers containing leaf extract showed the best overall performance, with well-distributed fibers, uniform diameters (381.55 ± 94.54 nm), high thermal stability, and prominent antioxidant activity, attributed to the higher total phenolic content. The nanofibers functionalized with P. aculeata extracts exhibited antimicrobial effects without compromising fiber morphology, highlighting their potential innovative for application in bioactive wound dressings with controlled release properties.

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