A Comprehensive Analysis of Influencing Factors and Clinical Insights into Perioperative Sleep Disorders

Le résumé fourni par la source

Perioperative sleep disorders (PSDs), affecting approximately 60% of surgical patients, are a significant yet often overlooked challenge that hinders recovery and increases the risk of complications. This paper provides a systematic analysis of the complex mechanisms and key risk factors contributing to PSDs from four distinct dimensions. It identifies preoperative vulnerabilities such as baseline insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), anxiety, and chronic comorbidities as primary predisposing factors. Furthermore, it examines the direct impacts of intraoperative factors, including the suppression of sleep architecture by anesthetic drugs (propofol, opioids) and the disruption of circadian rhythms caused by surgical timing and trauma. The review also highlights the synergistic exacerbation of sleep disturbances in the postoperative phase due to pain–inflammation cycles, adverse ward environments (noise and light), and medication side effects. Based on these findings, the study concludes that a multidisciplinary strategy combining preoperative screening, optimized anesthetic management, and environmental interventions is essential to mitigate PSDs. By improving perioperative sleep quality, clinicians can significantly enhance patient satisfaction, reduce hospital stays, and promote rapid rehabilitation.

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