Identification of a universal three-body s-wave resonance in 10He

Le résumé fourni par la source

Universality in physics describes the emergence of common features in vastly different systems. One fascinating example is the Efimov phenomenon where three-body resonantly interacting systems display universal properties. Efimov states have been observed in ultra-cold-atom systems, but their manifestation in nuclei remains elusive due to the long-range repulsive Coulomb interaction and the stringent requirement for at least two s-wave resonances in its subsystems. Recent theories propose another universality in three-body halos with only one s-wave resonance. Here, we report the identification of a precursor of this phenomenon in a neutron-rich 10He nucleus. With higher statistics and better sensitivities than previous experiments, we identify two low-lying 0+ states of 10He at ~ 1 MeV and ~ 2 MeV above its two-neutron decay threshold, and determine an s-wave scattering length of ~ − 3.5 fm between 8He and neutron. It is revealed that the lower energy state, the ground state of 10He, is a three-body state with only s-wave interactions among its subsystems. This state manifests as a resonance structure, which is a direct consequence of a universal long-range three-body repulsion. Our work sheds new light on quantum halos with finite lifetimes, providing a path toward their unified understanding across various scales and fields. Three-body low-energy s-wave states play an important role in few-body physics and associated universal phenomena, yet their experimental observation in nuclear system has been elusive. Here, the authors identify the three-body s-wave properties in neutron-rich 10He nuclei with improved statistics and sensitivities.

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