Enhancing Security of Key Pre-Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks via Limited Key Allocation from Key Pool

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted widespread attention and application due to their numerous advantages, including low-cost architecture, short distances, and easy deployment of sensor nodes. However, sensor nodes are highly vulnerable to various attacks, making it crucial to ensure their security and privacy during WSN data aggregation. For example, node capture attacks (NCA) are a common security issue, in which an attacker captures and compromises a node to obtain keys, allowing them to eavesdrop on other links between uncompromised nodes. To mitigate such NCA attacks, key pre-distribution (KP) and hash chain-based KP (HKP) have been proposed. This paper proposes a limited key distribution (LKA) concept, which restricts keys to a finite number of times from a key pool. Based on this novel key distribution method, we implement LKA-based KP and HKP (referred to as LKP and LHKP, respectively) to enhance their NCA resilience. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our LKP and LHKP.

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