Molecular Identification of Bamboo-Boring Beetles from Frass by PCR Amplification
Le résumé fourni par la source
Bamboo has been utilized since ancient times as part of buildings, arts and crafts, tools for classical and folk performing arts, and musical instruments, and there are many Asian cultural properties made of bamboo. However, when bamboo used for a cultural property is damaged by bamboo-boring beetles, it is difficult to maintain it in good condition. An ideal measure would include identification of the bamboo-boring beetles that are actually feeding on bamboo, application of the best control methods based on the ecological information of the pests, and utilization of conservation methods appropriate to each situation to prevent damage by bamboo-boring beetles. The presence of bamboo-boring beetles can be inferred by visually observing the presence of escape holes in the material and the presence of frass in the vicinity. It would be a very effective identification system if the species of bamboo-boring beetles could be identified from their escape holes and frass. In the present study, five major species of insects boring bamboo in Japan ― Lyctus africanus, Lyctoxylon dentatum, Chlorophorus annularis, Dinoderus minutus, and Purpuricenus temminckii ― were selected. The species of the insect samples were identified based on the morphological characteristics. Their COI gene sequences were determined and registered, and specific primers were selected to amplify each COI gene in PCR amplification in order to set up an effective system to specifically identify the target insects. It was found that it is possible to identify the species of bamboo-boring beetles using molecular biological methods by the DNA extraction from frass obtained at cultural property buildings and containing many unknown insects, substances, and contaminants. Finally, the development of the system to identify bamboo-boring beetles from frass made it possible to detect the species without capturing adult insects and is very important for grasping insect damage of cultural properties at an early stage
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