Growth Differentiation Factor 15 as a Biomarker of Cardiovascular Burden and Mortality in a Population-Based Cohort
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-responsive cytokine strongly associated with aging, multimorbidity, and cardiovascular disease. Although prior studies have established its prognostic value in high-risk populations, its role in the general population remains less defined. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between plasma GDF15 levels, heart disease and mortality in a representative population-based cohort. We analyzed 1532 participants (mean age 55 years; 54.6% women) with available baseline plasma GDF15 concentrations. Participants were stratified according to an optimal cutoff of 1081 pg/mL, derived from ROC curve analysis for mortality. Associations with prevalent heart disease were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and NT-proBNP. Mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, with model performance evaluated by C-index and time-dependent ROC curves. Individuals with GDF15 > 1081 pg/mL were older and exhibited a more adverse cardiometabolic profile with higher prevalence of comorbidities. Elevated GDF15 was independently associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy (OR 3.34, 95% CI: 1.38–8.11), particularly in men (OR 4.26, 95% CI: 1.40–12.96), but not in women. No independent associations were observed with arrhythmias, valvulopathy, or heart failure after adjustment for NT-proBNP. During a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 51 deaths occurred. Elevated GDF15 independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.19–5.13), though the effect was attenuated after adjustment for NT-proBNP. GDF15 improved model discrimination (ΔC-index = +0.01; LRT p = 0.011) and showed robust time-dependent predictive ability, with AUCs of 0.76, 0.82, and 0.85 at 2, 4, and 6 years, respectively. In this population-based cohort, elevated GDF15 identified individuals with an adverse health profile, was independently associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy in men, and predicted mortality. Although its incremental predictive value over NT-proBNP was modest, GDF15 could provide complementary biological information and may enhance multimarker strategies for cardiovascular risk stratification in the general population.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Growth Differentiation Factor 15 as a Biomarker of Cardiovascular Burden and Mortality in a Population-Based Cohort
- Date Crossref
- 27/03/2026
- Éditeur
- MDPI AG
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Universidad de Salamanca pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV) pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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University Hospital of Salamanca Department of Cardiology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Miguel Armijo Primary Care Centre pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Faculty of Medicine pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Periurbana Norte Primary Care Center pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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La Alamedilla Primary Care Centre pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Robleda Primary Care Center pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Miranda del Castañar Primary Care Centre pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
Universidad de Salamanca, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV) — Instituto de Salud Carlos III et Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.