2138 Disparities in Central Cord Syndrome: An Analysis From a National Spinal Cord Injury Database

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INTRODUCTION: Central Cord Syndrome (CCS) is an incomplete spinal cord injury predominantly affecting the cervical region, characterized by greater upper extremity dysfunction than lower extremity. Treatment approaches include surgical decompression and non-surgical management, encompassing spine immobilization, physical therapy, medication, and rehabilitation. While clinical outcomes have been extensively studied, recent research has highlighted racial disparities in the management and outcomes of CCS patients. A study by Deysher et al. revealed that African American patients with CCS experienced delayed surgical decompression compared to their Caucasian counterparts, leading to poorer outcomes. Early decompression has been shown to reduce cord edema and inflammation, thereby improving neurological function and reducing complications such as infections and cardiac issues. METHODS: Inclusion criteria were as follows ASIA motor score <4 or unknown in lower extremities during acute presentation, or ASIA motor score >3 or less than 2 scores with values greater than 3 in the upper extremities. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.0. RESULTS: Our findings indicated that African American patients had higher readmission rates within one-year post-discharge compared to Caucasian patients. However, no significant differences were observed in ASIA motor and sensory scores or the Functional independence Measure (FIM) at discharge and one-year follow-up between racial groups. Notably, insurance type influenced outcomes; African American patients with government insurance exhibited lower FIM scores compared to those with private insurance. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that while immediate functional recovery may not differ significantly between races, disparities in readmission rates and long-term outcomes persist, potentially due to factors such as insurance coverage and access to rehabilitation services. Addressing these disparities requires targeted interventions to ensure equitable care and support for all CCS patients.

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