Servant leadership and volunteer work engagement in blood donation services: the serial mediating roles of mission valence and volunteer motivation with the moderating role of team atmosphere

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Objective To examine the relationship between servant leadership and work engagement among blood donation service volunteers, the mediating roles of mission valence and volunteer motivation, and the moderating role of team atmosphere, which may inform strategies for enhancing work engagement among blood donation service volunteers. Methods The Servant Leadership Scale, Volunteer Motivation Scale, Mission Valence Scale, Team Atmosphere Scale, and Work Engagement Scale were used to investigate 1,330 blood donation service volunteers. Results ① Significant positive correlations were found between servant leadership, mission valence, volunteer motivation, work engagement, and team atmosphere ( r = 0.552, 0.686, 0.61, 0.621, 0.615, 0.767, 0.652, 0.562, 0.774, and 0.578, p < 0.01); ② Servant leadership was positively associated with volunteer work engagement in blood donation services ( β = 0.595, p < 0.01) with mission valence and volunteer motivation playing separate mediating roles ( β = 0.053, 0.295, p < 0.01) and a serial mediating role ( β = 0.11, p < 0.01); ③ Team atmosphere played a moderating role in the serial mediation effect of servant leadership on the work engagement of blood donation service volunteers ( β = 0.075, p < 0.01). Conclusion Servant leadership is associated with higher work engagement levels among blood donation service volunteers. It is also associated with work engagement through mission valence and volunteer motivation. Team atmosphere significantly moderates the relationship between mission valence and volunteer motivation, with the association strengthening as team atmosphere increases.

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