JrWRKY76 negatively regulates JrPTI4-mediated transcription of JrPR1 to affect walnut resistance against bacterial blight

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Walnut blight (caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Juglandis ) considerably threatens walnut production in China. Although PTI transcription factors play crucial roles in plant immunity, their specific functions in walnut resistance to walnut blight remain unclear. In this study, Juglans regia ‘Xiangling’ was used as plant material. Transcriptome sequencing, gene overexpression and silencing, yeast one- and two-hybrid assays, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that JrPTI4 was significantly upregulated in leaves following infection with X. arboricola . The upregulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, such as PR1 and PR10 , was observed in plants overexpressing JrPTI4 . Silencing JrPTI4 compromised walnut resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and X. arboricola . Additionally, we observed an interaction between JrPTI4 and JrWRKY76. JrPTI4 positively regulated JrPR1 transcription and JrWRKY76 suppressed the transcription of JrPR1 , which is regulated by JrPTI4. Collectively, our findings suggest that JrPTI4 contributes to disease resistance in walnut, whereas the interaction between JrWRKY76 and JrPTI4 inhibits the transcription of JrPR1 , thereby affecting walnut resistance to blight. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying walnut resistance to X. arboricola.

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