Factors associated with congenital differences in neonates in southern Benin: a case-control study

Le résumé fourni par la source

Background: Congenital differences are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Their etiology is multifactorial including a combination of genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with congenital differences in neonates in southern Benin. Methods: We conducted a case-control study over a six-month period. Cases were neonates with congenital differences. A neonate of the same sex and gestational age, whose mother is the same age and parity as a case, who did not have any congenital difference, was considered a control. Data were extracted from registries and medical record. Analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Results: Seventy-eight cases were recorded out of the 3,534 newborns hospitalized, giving a hospital rate of 2.2%. They were matched with 147 controls. Digestive malformations (20.5%), congenital heart disease (16.7%) and anterior abdominal wall malformations (16.7%) were the main deformities observed. Factors associated with the occurrence of congenital differences were father's age (p=0.013), mother's origin (p=0.010), parity (p=0.029) and pregnancy follow-up (p=0.010). Mortality due to congenital malformations was 35.9%. Conclusion: Congenital differences should be assessed in all regions to determine their prevalence, nature and associated factors, so that specific preventive measures can be taken.

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