Strategies for Prevention and Control of Newcastle Disease in Developing Countries

Le résumé fourni par la source

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral infection affecting poultry and wild birds, caused by the ND virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus serotype 1. NDV strains vary in virulence and are categorized into three pathotypes based on their pathogenicity in chickens: lentogenic (low or avirulent), mesogenic (moderate virulence), and velogenic (high virulence). Velogenic strains cause high morbidity and mortality, leading to significant production losses and substantial economic impacts due to the cost of control measures. NDV exhibits high genetic diversity, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance, advanced diagnostics, and improved prevention strategies. With the expansion of the global poultry industry and increasing international trade, effective ND control – particularly through vaccination – remains essential. However, a comprehensive overview that incorporates recent findings is lacking. This chapter addresses that gap by discussing NDV’s molecular structure, virulence, infection routes, and current research progress in vaccine development, including thermostable, genotype-matched, recombinant, vectored, and new-generation adjuvanted vaccines. It also evaluates various vaccination strategies, their efficacy, and recent innovations aimed at improving disease control in endemic regions. The overall goal is to enhance our understanding of ND and support the development of more effective vaccines.

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