Interaction Effects of Sulfur and Foliar Applied Selenium on Canola (Brassica napus) Growth Indices and Absorption of Two Nutrients

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Background and Objective: Sulfur, as an essential nutrient, and selenium in low concentrations as a beneficial element, are important for increasing plant tolerance to environmental stresses.This study investigated the effects of sulfur and selenium application on the absorption of these elements and their interaction effects on the growth indices of canola.Methods: The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions using a factorial design with three treatments and three replications.The treatments included elemental sulfur at two levels (zero and 20 mg kg -1 , inoculated with Thiobacillus inoculum) and two sources of selenium fertilizer (sodium selenate and selenite) at three levels (zero, two, and four mg L -1 ) applied as foliar spray.The cultivated canola variety was Dalgan and grown for 5 months.The sulfur was in powder form which was added to the soil of the sulfur-containing treatments, along with Thiobacillus inoculum (with a population of 1×10 8 cells per mL) two weeks before planting.Foliar application of selenium was carried out at the beginning of stem elongation.Results: Results showed that selenium concentration in the grain was higher than in the shoot (0.395 vs. 0.251 mg kg -1 ), but uptake in the shoot was higher than in the grain (2.52 vs. 1.2 μg pot -1 ).Sulfur application significantly increased shoot dry weight (by 34%) and seed weight (by 89%) compared to the non-sulfur treatment.Selenium application from the selenate source, compared to selenite, resulted in higher selenium uptake in the shoot (2.71 vs. 2.33 μg pot -1 ) and grain (1.39 vs. 1.01 μg pot -1 ).Conclusion: In the non-stress conditions of this experiment, applying selenium did not significantly increase canola grain yield.When applied from a selenate source at a concentration of 4 g L -1 , it did improve the concentration of selenium in the grain, making it suitable for grain enrichment purposes.

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