Sleep disorders in children with ENT pathology are a predictor of overweight and obesity

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Introduction. A decrease in sleep duration, its significant variability and sleep breathing disorders (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome — OSA) are factors in the formation of obesity in children. The main cause of OSA in children is chronic pathology of the ENT organs, when combined with overweight and obesity, its most severe forms are recorded. The aim: to determine the features of sleep disorders and their association with obesity in children with chronic pathology of ENT organs.Materials and methods. One hundred twenty seven children (75 boys and 52 girls) aged of 4–12 years (median 6 years) with chronic pathology of ENT organs were examined during 2016–2024. All children were examined with night polysomnography (PSG) using the Embla 7000 system (USA). A statistical analysis of quantitative PSG data was performed and their relationship to age, gender, and SDS index of the of body mass index (BMI) was determined.Results. Snoring, shortness of breath, and sleep disorders in children with chronic forms of ENT pathology are closely related to the indices of apnea/hypopnea (IAG) and desaturation (ID), which indicates the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. In preschool children (4–6 years old), complaints of breathing disorders during sleep and objective signs of sleep disorders prevail. In these patients, despite severe forms of pathology of the ENT organs, overweight, obesity, and less pronounced forms of OSA are less often detected. Overweight and obesity are significantly more common in school-age children (7–12 years) with chronic pathology of the ENT organs, as well as their close correlations with complaints and objective PSG data indicating more pronounced sleep breathing disorders than in preschoolers.Conclusion. In school-age children with chronic pathology of the ENT organs, objective signs of respiratory disorders during sleep are registered more often, are more pronounced and are associated with a frequently detected increased BMI, which requires an integrated approach in the treatment of children, taking into account behavioral factors, one of which is the child’s sleep.Contribution: Kozhevnikova O.V., Makarova S.G. — the concept and design of the study; Tikhonovsky P.A., Lebedev V.V., Blazhievskaya T.O., Abashidze E.A. — collection and processing of the material; Gordeeva I.G., Kustova E.A. — statistical analysis; Kozhevnikova O.V., Tikhonovsky P.A., Rodionova A.M. — writing the text; Fisenko A.P., Makarova S.G., Komarova O.V. — editing the text. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Received: October 16, 2025Accepted: November 27, 2025Published: December 25, 2025

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