Viola Odorata Extracts: Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Capacity, Enzyme Inhibition, and COX‐2/NOS‐2‐Mediated Anti‐Inflammatory Effects
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Le résumé fourni par la source
ABSTRACT In the present study, the phytochemical and bio‐pharmacological effects of the species Viola odorata were explored. Different polarity extracts, namely water and methanol were assayed for their content in phenolic compounds, enzyme inhibition and scavenging/reducing properties. Additionally, through a validated ex vivo model of colon inflammation, the effects of water and methanol extracts were assayed on Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced up‐regulation of both cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS‐2) gene expression. The results of the study indicate that methanol extract was the richest in terms of total phenols (37.26 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (56.90 mg RE/g). Indeed, the methanol extract was the most effective as antiradical (DPPH: 24.91 mg TE/g and ABTS: 66.62 mg TE/g) but also as enzyme inhibitor toward cholinesterases (AChE: 3.23 mg GALAE/g and BChE: 5.02 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (133.29 mg KAE/g), glucosidase (0.27 mmol ACAE/g), and amylase (0.82 mmol ACAE/g). Transcription factors regulating NOS2 and COX‐2 were used to construct a regulatory network, and five major phytochemicals were screened for target prediction. Selected proteins were subjected to molecular docking, revealing strong interactions between kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside and rutin with BChE, NF‐κB, and STAT3. The V. odorata extracts were also effective in blunting the LPS‐induced gene expression of both COX‐2 and NOS‐2 ; thus, confirming enzyme inhibition effects, anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The results suggest that this species is a valuable source of bioactive compounds for developing health‐promoting applications.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé, mais le titre doit être comparé manuellement.
- Titre Crossref
- <i>Viola Odorata</i> Extracts: Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Capacity, Enzyme Inhibition, and COX‐2/NOS‐2‐Mediated Anti‐Inflammatory Effects
- Date Crossref
- 30/01/2026
- Éditeur
- Wiley
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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University of Chieti-Pescara pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Selçuk University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Harran University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Marmara University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Università di Camerino pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici" Department of Pharmacy "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti Italy pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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CHemistry Interdisciplinary Project (CHip) School of Pharmacy University of Camerino Camerino Italy pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
University of Chieti-Pescara, Selçuk University et Harran University, avec 4 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.