Preparation Characterization and In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Gold Nanoparticles from Moullava spicata Dalzell Leaf

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The expanding field of nanotechnology has opened new possibilities in biomedical science, particularly for therapeutic delivery and disease management.Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained special attention due to their favorable stability, biological compatibility and adjustable characteristics.To avoid the environmental concerns associated with chemical synthesis, the present study employed a plant-based method to prepare AuNPs using the leaf extract of Moullava spicata Dalzell.Fresh leaves were authenticated, processed into powder and examined for their physicochemical and phytochemical composition.The aqueous extract, which contained abundant phenolic and flavonoid compounds, acted as both reducing and stabilizing medium for converting HAuCl₄ into MS-GNPs.Formation of nanoparticles was evident through a distinct color change from bluish gray to purple and an absorption peak corresponding to surface plasmon resonance at 533-538 nm.FTIR analysis suggested that functional groups such as hydroxyl, amine and carbonyl units are present in MSGNPs.X-ray diffraction confirmed a crystalline structure with a FCC arrangement, while TEM images revealed spherical particles with an average diameter of about 53.6 nm.DLS and zeta potential measurements (-14.8 mV) indicated moderate stability of the colloidal suspension.The synthesized nanoparticles showed marked anti-inflammatory activity, including an 87% inhibition of protein denaturation at 200 µg/mL and noticeable suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in gelatin zymography, showing performance comparable to reference drugs.These findings demonstrate that Moullava spicata leaf extract provides an efficient green route for AuNP synthesis and yields nanoparticles with significant anti-inflammatory potential.Further in-vivo investigations are encouraged to explore their therapeutic applicability.

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