Analysis of treatment indicators for uncontrolled epileptic seizures in the Baixada Santista region

Résumé fourni par la source

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder, affecting 5.4 to 16.5 per 1,000 inhabitants in Brazil, defined by recurrent seizures or a diagnosed epilepsy syndrome. Seizures result from excessive or synchronous neuronal activity, leading to clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in the treatment of uncontrolled epileptic seizures in the Baixada Santista region over 16 years and correlate epidemiological data with clinical outcomes. A literature review and an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis were conducted using data from the Brazilian Unified Health System—Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) from 2008 to 2023. The study evaluated hospitalizations, expenditures, case complexity, mortality rates, deaths, length of stay, type of care, and articles from SciELO and PubMed. A total of 5,230 hospitalizations were recorded, with BRL 3,956,108.20 in expenditures. The highest hospitalizations occurred in 2011 (455 cases), while 2023 had the highest expenditures (BRL 454,505.80). Among procedures, 109 were elective and 5,121 urgent; 1,351 occurred in public hospitals, 1,793 in private, and 2,086 were unspecified. All cases were of medium complexity. The overall mortality rate was 3.67% (192 deaths), peaking in 2023 (8.8%) and lowest in 2015 (0.88%). Mortality was 0.08% for elective procedures and 3.75% for urgent cases. In the public sector, mortality reached 5.11%, while in private institutions, it was 1.28%. The average hospital stay was 5.4 days, with a mean cost of BRL 756.43 per admission. The findings indicate gaps in seizure management, with rising hospitalizations and costs. Despite medical advances, treatment strategies remain insufficient to reduce cases. Public–private disparities highlight the need for equitable access. A multidisciplinary approach, along with strategies such as health education, early intervention, and non-pharmacological interventions like the ketogenic diet, could help reduce emergency hospitalizations and improve outcomes.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.