Integration of Tetrahedral Mesh-Based MRCP Phantoms into GATE10: A Framework for High-Fidelity Monte Carlo Simulation

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The Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms (MRCPs) offer high-resolution anatomical representations based on tetrahedral meshes, enabling accurate modeling of detailed structures such as skin layers and organs. Although these phantoms can be used in Geant4-based simulations, GATE-commonly used in medical imaging and therapy-has lacked native support for such mesh geometries. In this study, we implemented a Python-based extension in GATE10 to import and simulate tetrahedral MRCP phantoms. We developed a TetGenSolid class to parse. node and. ele files for mesh geometry and added a TetGenVolume handler for integration into the GATE simulation pipeline. Region-specific material properties and colors were extracted from. material and. dat files, allowing visual and dosimetric differentiation between organs. To test the implementation, we used an upper abdominal phantom consisting of Heart and Body tissues. Each material was assigned a unique volume, material, and color, and attached to its own dose actor. Visualization confirmed proper alignment of each material at the origin, and successful dose mapping over a$400 \times 400 \times 400 ~\text{mm}^{3}$volume with 1 mm voxel spacing. The phantom included 4,240 heart elements and 6,583 Body elements, with an overall size of approximately$386 \times 287 \times 496 ~\text{mm}^{3}$. This integration enables high-fidelity MRCP phantoms to be used directly in GATE10, facilitating detailed Monte Carlo studies in imaging and radiotherapy. Future work will extend this approach to whole-body phantoms and advanced clinical applications.

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