A low-profile, high-transmission and multipolarization-reconfigurable array based on Huygens’ metasurface for intelligent IoT communication

Le résumé fourni par la source

• First demonstration of a high-gain folded metasurface based on a Huygens metasurface, combining compact low-profile design with multi-polarization capability. • Real-time polarization diversity achieved through an electronically tunable PIN-diode control scheme, offering hardware simplicity, low cost, and fast reconfigurability. • Geometric-phase engineering enables high-gain pencil beams under both linear and circular polarization, with the ability to achieve 30° beam deflection for advanced wavefront control. • Folded metasurface design reduces overall profile by nearly 50 % compared to conventional space-fed structures, enhancing integrability and deployability for size- and weight-constrained platforms. In contemporary wireless communication and sensing systems, polarization is a key factor that determines channel capacity, interference suppression, and adaptability to complex propagation environments. However, conventional metasurfaces usually exhibit fixed polarization responses, which limits their use in reconfigurable applications. To address this challenge, we propose a low-profile, high-gain folded Huygens metasurface with multi-polarization reconfigurability. Based on the principle of folded ray tracing, the metasurface is composed of a Huygens metasurface (HMS) and a multifunctional reconfigurable polarization conversion metasurface (MRPCM). The overall size of proposed metasurface is 225 × 225 × 88 mm³. The proposed HMS excites mutually interfering electric and magnetic dipole resonances, enabling both high transmission rates and full 360° phase control simultaneously. Dynamic polarization reconfigurability, including linear-to-cross linear (LTL) cross-polarization and linear-to-circular (LTC) polarization, is achieved by integrating diodes within the MRPCM. As a proof of concept, the proposed dynamically polarization-tunable, high-efficiency transmission metasurface was fabricated, simulated, and tested. Measurement results indicate that the system achieves peak gains of 24.6 dBi for circular polarization and 23.9 dBi for linear polarization at 12 GHz, with peak aperture efficiencies of 37.7 % and 35.2 %, respectively. In addition, an axial ratio bandwidth of 10.4 % is obtained under circularly polarized operation. These results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed design, including its compact profile, high efficiency, and ease of integration, making it a strong candidate for future applications in satellite communications and the Internet of Things (IoT).

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