Spatiotemporal trends of HIV among international migrants: a 20-year surveillance study at Sichuan Ports, China

Résumé fourni par la source

Objective: To investigate HIV epidemiological characteristics and risk factors among international migrants (including Chinese citizens departing/returning and foreign nationals entering China) at Sichuan International Travel Health Care Center (2004-2024), informing targeted prevention strategies. Methods: A retrospective analysis of HIV infections was conducted using ELISA screening and Western blot confirmation. Results: Out of 566,475 individuals screened, 323 were found to be positive, resulting in a positivity rate of 0.057% (95% CI: 0.049-0.065). The characteristics of the infected individuals were as follows: (1) the majority were male (92.57%), predominantly aged between 41 and 50 years (29.33%), and primarily comprised migrant workers (59.49%); (2) the CRF55_01B subtype was the most prevalent, accounting for 60.61%, and exhibited an independent transmission chain; (3) heterosexual transmission was the primary mode of infection (47.68%), with 74.37% of individuals not maintaining consistent condom use. Additionally, there has been an increasing trend in the proportion of individuals aged 51-60 and those with a college education or higher in recent years. Conclusions: A comprehensive review of two decades of data indicates the necessity for port-focused interventions aimed at middle-aged migrant workers, improved surveillance measures, and the incorporation of molecular epidemiology into prevention strategies. Interventions should be specifically tailored to prioritize evidence-based approaches for high-risk groups, particularly mobile workers aged 51-60 years and university students engaging in unprotected sexual activities.

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