Cisplatin during radiation for head and neck cancer: insights from NRG Oncology experience

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BACKGROUND: Cisplatin remains the cornerstone radiosensitizer for definitive and adjuvant chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. However, despite decades of clinical use, many practical aspects of cisplatin administration remain unstandardized in clinical practice and trials. METHODS: Drawing on the collective experience of the NRG Oncology Head and Neck Working Group, this consensus article provides practical guidance on the administration of cisplatin during radiation therapy. We review and propose recommendations regarding the timing of chemotherapy and radiation initiation, premedication and hydration regimens by dose, monitoring and grading of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, and management strategies during cisplatin shortages. Our guidance is informed by clinical trial protocols, retrospective and prospective data, and multidisciplinary expert consensus. We emphasize the importance of protocol flexibility to support equitable trial accrual, minimize treatment delays, and improve patient-centered outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This article offers a unified framework to optimize the use of cisplatin in chemoradiation protocols, improve adherence, reduce toxicity, and preserve oncologic efficacy. Our recommendations are particularly timely in the context of evolving clinical practices and recent cisplatin shortages. Insights from the NRG Oncology collaborative group aim to inform future trial designs and clinical practice guidelines, ensuring consistent and equitable care for patients with head and neck cancer.

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