Effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG on Klebsiella pneumoniae infection: an animal pilot study in BALB/c mice

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BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections, notably pneumonia, are a significant public health concern, contributing to approximately 3.5 million deaths annually. The etiology of pneumonia is diverse, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being a prominent pathogen, especially in Indonesia. The rise in antibiotic resistance necessitates alternative treatments. This study examines the potential of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as an adjunctive therapy for K. pneumoniae infections.METHODS: A true experimental post-test control group design was employed using 35 female BALB/c mice divided into seven groups. The groups received various combinations of LGG and Levofloxacine, with some receiving preventive and curative treatments. Mice were inoculated with K. pneumoniae and treated accordingly. The primary outcome, assessed by agar-well diffusion, was the antibacterial activity of LGG. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated ANOVA tests.RESULTS: This study showed that the placebo group had significantly higher colony growth than all other groups. However, LGG alone was less effective than Levofloxacin in suppressing colony growth. Despite this, LGG showed promise in reducing colony numbers compared to the placebo.CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that LGG may serve as a potential probiotic for managing K. pneumoniae infections, although it is less effective than standard antibiotic treatment. The urgency of the issue is underscored by the need for further research to explore LGG’s mechanisms and long-term efficacy, as well as comparisons with other probiotic strains.

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