Data from The Legacy of Chattel Slavery and Its Association with Prostate Cancer Incidences in the Southeastern United States

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AbstractBackground: Present-day disparities in prostate cancer outcomes are a direct result of major historical events, such as chattel slavery. Few studies have evaluated the association between the legacy of historical racism and prostate cancer, a disease with a wide health disparity globally. In this study, we assess the relationship between county-level historical chattel slavery in 1860 and prostate cancer incidences in 2018 among Black and White individuals. Methods: Prostate cancer incidences, socioeconomic variables, and 1860 slave data were all obtained from publicly available datasets. Our primary exposure was county-level density of enslaved people in 1860. Our primary dependent variable was prostate cancer incidence per 100,000. We used Poisson log-linear regression models to estimate the difference in county-level cancer counts per 10% increase in enslaved individuals in a county, adjusting for age and numerous social determinants of health. Results: County-level density of enslaved people correlated with various present-day social determinants of health. In our multivariable adjusted model, increased county-level enslaved populations in 1860 were independently associated with a significant increase in 2018 county-level prostate cancer incidences for both White and Black individuals. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the presence of county-level chattel slavery was significantly associated with poorer present-day social determinants of health and increased prostate cancer incidences, regardless of race. Impact: Addressing health inequities requires the acknowledgment of the role historical chattel slavery plays in health disparities affecting marginalized and low socioeconomic communities in America.

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