Comparison of Intravenous Fentanyl and Intravenous Butorphanol in Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgeries Under General Anaesthesia

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Introduction: Opioids are commonly incorporated in balanced anaesthesia to reduce anaesthetic requirements during both induction and maintenance. Fentanyl and Butorphanol are two different categories of opioids with different mechanism of action but producing a similar analgesic effect. Aim and Objective: The present study is aimed at comparing injection fentanyl 1?g/kg and butorphanol 20?g/kg in balanced anaesthesia with respect to intraoperative haemodynamic changes and postoperative pain relief. Material and Methods: This is double blinded prospective randomised study conducted on 102 patients of either sex, belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status I or II and aged between 18-65 years for duration of 18 months (August 01, 2022 to January 31, 2024). These patients were divided into two groups of 51 each, Group A: (Injection Fentanyl) - 1?g/kg I.V and Group B: (Injection Butorphanol) - 20?g/kg I.V. Patients received one of these drugs as a part of balanced anaesthesia and intra-operative haemodynamic changes were recorded. Post-operative sedation and analgesia were also looked for. Results: In our study a statistically significant fall in heart rate was observed at injection of study drug, at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 minutes intra-operatively in group B as compared to group F. No significant changes were seen in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in both groups. Post-operatively, there was significant increase in Ramsay sedation score in group B whereas a significant decrease in visual analogue score was observed in group B as compared to group A. There were no significant side effects noted. Conclusion: Our study confirmed that butorphanol showed better haemodyamic stability and pain relief intra-operatively with better attenuation of increase in heart rate throughout the surgery. Hence from our present study we conclude that butorphanol in a dose of 20mcg/kg can be used an alternative to fentanyl in major abdominal surgeries with no major side effects except slight sedation post-operatively.

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