Maternal Myo‐Inositol Intake and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between maternal periconceptional (three months prior through the third pregnancy month) myo-inositol intake and the odds of selected congenital heart defects in offspring. DESIGN: A population-based case-control study using the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) database. SETTING: United States. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: Women with singleton live births without major birth defects (controls) and women with singleton live births, stillbirths, or terminations with selected nonsyndromic congenital heart defects (CHD; cases). METHODS: Descriptive analyses, logistic regression models, ascertainment of myo-inositol intake from supplements and food using a shortened food frequency questionnaire and survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds of CHD. RESULTS: 11 752 cases and 11 415 controls were included. Compared to women not taking myo-inositol supplements, women with any supplemental intake were less likely to have a pregnancy with the selected congenital heart defects as a group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66-0.94) or with septal defects alone (aOR = 0.61; 95% CI 0.46-0.81). Compared to women with low total myo-inositol intake from food or supplements, women with high total myo-inositol intake (≥ 500 mg/day) were less likely to have a pregnancy with the selected CHD as a group (aOR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.84-0.93) or conotruncal defects (aOR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.79-0.96); left ventricular outflow tract defects (aOR = 0.87; 95% CI 0.78-0.96); right ventricular outflow tract defects (aOR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.77-0.95); or atrial septal defects (aOR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.83-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: An inverse association was observed between maternal myo-inositol intake during the periconceptional period and the odds of selected CHDs in offspring.

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