Incidence of Subclinical Bacteriuria (SBU) in Dogs Presenting for Total Hip Replacement (THR)

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Introduction: Subclinical bacteriuria (SBU) is the presence of bacteria in urine as determined by positive bacterial culture, in the absence of clinical urinary tract disease. While resolution of urinary tract infection (UTI) is necessary prior to total hip replacement (THR), it is unclear whether pre-operative SBU is associated with an increased risk of complications after surgery. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence, treatments, and long-term THR infection rate in dogs with SBU presenting for THR. Materials and Methods: Medical records from dogs undergoing THR were reviewed to identify dogs with SBU prior to surgery. Data collection included: signalment, THR indication, bloodwork, urinalysis and urine culture/sensitivity, treatment to address SBU, results of re-culture prior to THR, and a long-term follow-up of 1 year post-THR. Results: The incidence of SBU was 14/327 (4%). Bacterial isolates included Escherichia coli (7/14), Streptococcus (3/14), Klebsiella (3/14), Proteus (2/14), and Enterococcus (1/14). All dogs were treated with oral antibiotics based on sensitivity results and were culture negative prior to THR. Eleven dogs required one course of treatment, whereas three required multiple courses of treatment. At long-term follow-up, none of the dogs progressed to UTI or developed a THR infection. Discussion/Conclusion: The incidence of SBU in canine THR candidates is low. Antibiotic therapy was effective at resolving SBU, however multiple courses of treatment were necessary in 3/14 (27%) cases. While clinically active UTI must be resolved prior to THR, it is unclear whether treatment of SBU is necessary prior to THR. Acknowledgements: There was no proprietary interest or funding for this project. Publication History Article published online: 16 September 2024 Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

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