Triglyceride-glucose index in diabetic chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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AIM: To explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and diabetic chronic complications 922 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalized in the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from November 2023 to July 2024 and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled. We divided the patients into different complications groups and corresponding non-compication groups. Clinical and biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups.The TyG index was determined by the following formula: Ln [TG(mg/dl)×FBG(mg/dl)/2], where TG is triglycerides and FBG is fasting blood glucose. RESULTS: (1) The TyG index showed significant positive correlation with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and carotid plaque (CP), while demonstrating inverse correlations with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. (2) Among patients with DR, duration, TyG index and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were significantly higher. (3) Among patients with CP, age and TyG index were significantly higher. 922 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hospitalized in the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from November 2023 to July 2024 and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled. We divided the patients into different complications groups and corresponding non-compication groups. Clinical and biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups.The TyG index was determined by the following formula: Ln [TG(mg/dl)×FBG(mg/dl)/2], where TG is triglycerides and FBG is fasting blood glucose. (1) The TyG index showed significant positive correlation with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and carotid plaque (CP), while demonstrating inverse correlations with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. (2) Among patients with DR, duration, TyG index and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were significantly higher. (3) Among patients with CP, age and TyG index were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: High TyG index is a relative specific risk factor of diabetic retinopathy and carotid plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes and not a contributing factor to the other chronic complications of diabetes. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

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