Figure 3 from Antigen-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Induce Responsiveness to Anti–PD-1 and Anti–PD-L1 Treatment in a Checkpoint Refractory Melanoma Model

Le résumé fourni par la source

EVs alone or combined with checkpoint blockade treatment induces antigen-specific immune responses in a melanoma model. A, Mice with OVA-expressing B16 melanoma were treated with PBS or EVs intravenously and anti–PD-1/PD-L1 intraperitoneally as indicated. B, After inoculation, tumors were measured every 2 to 3 days, and mice were sacrificed when the tumors reached 1,000 mm3 in size. The results represent the mean size of the tumors in mice in each group (n = 10–14). Survival was plotted using a Kaplan–Meier survival curve. C, At the endpoint, tumors were collected and analyzed for immune cell infiltration using flow cytometry. Immune cells were identified as CD45+ and B16 melanoma cells as CD45−. * represents significance compared with the control group. D, B16 melanoma cells were analyzed for surface MHC class I and PD-L1 expression. E, The proportion of infiltrating total, CD8+ and antigen-specific T cells in tumors was analyzed by flow cytometry. F, PD-1 expression on the infiltrating CD8+ T cells was determined using flow cytometry. The graphs show the results of two independent experiments, with 4 to 5 mice per group. Dots represent a single mouse, and data are presented as the mean ± SD. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn test for multiple comparisons. The Mantel–Cox test was applied for the survival curve. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; and ***, P < 0.001.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.