Figure 1 from Antigen-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Induce Responsiveness to Anti–PD-1 and Anti–PD-L1 Treatment in a Checkpoint Refractory Melanoma Model

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Characterization of BMDC-derived EVs. BMDC-derived EVs were characterized using multiple methods. A, Morphologic analysis of EVs was performed by TEM. Two different magnifications are shown. B, Five EV batches, shown individually, were subjected to NTA analysis to determine EV size (nm), and a mean and mode size 184 and 157 nm, respectively was measured. C, EVs were bound to anti-CD9–coated magnetic beads, stained for surface markers as indicated, and detected by flow cytometry. The data are shown as the mean fluorescence intensity ratio between the specific antibody and its corresponding isotype control. A signal above 1 (dotted line) was considered positive. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 6. D, Western blot analysis was performed on proteins extracted from the five EV batches for the presence of MHC class II and OVA. E, The presence of OVA on the surface of EVs was determined by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM, n = 8.

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