Epidemiological and antigenic inferences from serological cross-reactivity among arboviruses

Résumé fourni par la source

Multiplex immunoassays can facilitate the parallel measurement of antibody responses against multiple antigenically related pathogens, generating a wealth of high-dimensional data that depict complex antibody-antigen relationships. In this study, we developed a generalizable analytical framework to maximize inferences from multipathogen serological studies. We fit the model to measurements of immunoglobulin antibody binding against 10 arboviral pathogens from a cross-sectional study in northwest Bangladesh with 1453 participants. We used our framework to jointly infer the prevalence of each pathogen by location and age as well as between-pathogen antibody cross-reactivity. Reconstructing immunological profiles, we found evidence of endemic transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus and recent outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya viruses in this district. Our estimates of antibody cross-reactivity were highly correlated with phylogenetic distances inferred from genetic data [correlation coefficient ( r ) = 0.94], demonstrating how antigenic landscapes can be inferred from population-level serological studies. Furthermore, we showed how our framework could be used to identify the presence of antigenically related pathogens that were not directly tested for, representing a potential opportunity for the detection of emerging pathogens. The presented analytical framework offers a tool that can be applied to a growing number of multipathogen studies and will help support the integration of serological testing into disease surveillance platforms.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.